Mellékletek
STEPS IN THE DIGITIZATION PROCESS
Library of Congress, National Digital Library
Program http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/award/docs/stepsdig.html
Last updated by Carl Fleischhauer, January 1996
NDLP Project Planning Checklist
Library of Congress, National Digital Library
Program
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/prjplan.html
Last updated January 1997.
Presentations at DLI 98 Project-wide Workshop
UC Berkeley January 5-6, 1998
Berkeley Digital Library Project
http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/dli98-talks.html
Részlet
a napokban megjelent, és a NSF, a DARPA,
a National Library of Medicine, a Library of Congress,
a NASA és
a National Endowment for the Humanities által szponzorált
'DIGITAL LIBRARIES INITIATIVE - PHASE 2' felhívásból
The current effort extends the joint NSF/DARPA/NASA "Research on Digital Libraries Initiative". Since announcement of that initiative, digital libraries research and applications efforts have proliferated; new communities of researchers, information providers and users have become engaged; the definition of a digital library has evolved; technologies have advanced; stores of digital content have increased dramatically; and new research directions have emerged. These advances point to a future in which vast amounts of digital information will be easily accessible to and usable by large segments of the world's population.
To help achieve this, the Digital Libraries Initiative - Phase 2 plans to:
Selectively build on and extend research and testbed activities in promising digital libraries areas;
Accelerate development, management and accessibility of digital content and collections;
Create new capabilities and opportunities for digital libraries to serve existing and new user communities, including all levels of education;
Encourage the study of interactions between humans and digital libraries in various social and organizational contexts.
Electronic information is being created by many people and data gathering instruments in many forms and formats, stored in many repositories around the world, and becoming increasingly interconnected via electronic networks. Digital libraries research is faced with the challenge of applying increasing computational capacity and network bandwidth to manage and bring coherence, usability, and accessibility to very large amounts of distributed complex data and transform it into information and knowledge. Since digital libraries are meant to provide intellectual access to stores of information, research in this initiative is concerned with developing concepts, technologies and tools to gain use of the fuller knowledge and meaning inherent in digital collections. For example, for users this means intelligent search, retrieval, organization and presentation tools and interfaces; for content and collections providers this means new information types, structures, document encoding and metadata for enhancing context; for system builders this means designing hardware and software systems capable of interpreting and implementing users' requests by locating, federating and querying collections to provide the user with the structured information sought.
PROGRAM GOALS
The primary purposes of this initiative are to provide leadership in research fundamental to the development of the next generation of digital libraries, to advance the use and usability of globally distributed, networked information resources, and to encourage existing and new communities to focus on innovative applications areas. Since digital libraries can serve as intellectual infrastructure, this Initiative looks to stimulate partnering arrangements necessary to create next-generation operational systems in such areas as education, engineering and design, earth and space sciences, biosciences, geography, economics, and the arts and humanities. It will address the digital libraries life cycle from information creation, access and use, to archiving and preservation. Research to gain a better understanding of the long term social, behavioral and economic implications of and effects of new digital libraries capabilities in such areas of human activity as research, education, commerce, defense, health services and recreation is an important part of this initiative. Collaboration between academic, industry, non-profit and other organizations is strongly encouraged to establish better linkages between fundamental science and technologies development and use, through partnerships among researchers, applications developers and users.
The sponsoring agencies have the following special interests in this intiative:
I. Research
Research areas are organized into three areas for ease of exposition. The categories and topical areas selected are illustrative, and topics may cut across several areas. No priority is implied in the ordering of the areas or subareas.
Human-Centered Research
Human-centered digital libraries research seeks to further understanding of the impacts and potential of digital libraries to enhance human activities in creating, seeking, and using information and to promote technical research designed to achieve this.
Example topics are:
methods, algorithms, and software leading to wide-spectrum
information discovery, search, retrieval, manipulation and presentation
capabilities
software tools and toolkits
browsing and navigation software for large and diverse information spaces
intelligent search of image/video types by content, structure and context
semantic search and retrieval theories and models
multilingual information access and cross-lingual data services
advanced software for searching, filtering, abstracting and summarizing
large volumes of data, imagery, and other kinds of information
intelligent user interfaces
user/system learning and adaptation processes associated with interactive
use
autonomous intelligent agents to support human needs
information presentation and visualization
collaboration technologies and tools
user and usability studies, including human-computer interaction, human
mediated communication and users and institutions with special needs;
use in education, learning and capacity building, especially in new and
naive user communities;
economic and social implications
social science research and humanities research applied to distributed
networked information environments and contexts
social informatics
nature and services of libraries, universities, schools and other institutions
in the transition to widespread use of digital media
knowledge acquisition, organization, dissemination and use practiced by
individuals and user communities
factors determining usage, public acceptance and investment in digital
libraries
means and media for advancing scholarly communication
Content And Collections-Based Research
Content and collection-centered digital libraries research focuses on better understanding of and advancing access to novel digital content and collections. Research focusing on content from many disciplinary areas and knowledge domains is appropriate. Proposals that focus on content from scientific and non-scientific knowledge domains are encouraged as are proposals drawing on existing public domain data from Federal agencies and other established data collecting organizations.
In most cases support will not be provided for routine digitizing or conversion of existing collections.
Example topics are:
efficient data capture, representation, preservation and
archiving
novel digital representations of text and non-text media and derivatives
intelligent systems and algorithms for indexing, abstracting, interpreting,
classifying and cataloging
content-based image recognition, analysis and classification
intelligent text processing and document management; natural language
analysis for data extraction and for structure and topical segmentation
alternative document and text markup systems, structuring principles and
distributed management models
structuring and linking of information objects and documents
cost-effective methods for creating and converting digital objects metadata
means and methods for preserving and presenting context
for data
elements and collections
metadata types and standards development
interoperability of content and collections
domain-specific information objects
technologies, methods and processes for addressing societal, economic and
legal issues associated with the creation and use of digital collections
intellectual property and rights management
privacy and security
publishing in a digital environment
charging mechanisms for copyrighted documents
authentication and copyright protection
new economic and business models corresponding to new
electronic media
development and access to educational materials and approaches including:
new resources for science, mathematics and engineering
education at all levels
interactive educational tools and interfaces appropriate for different
groups of users
creation of learning environments
Systems-Centered Research
Systems-centered digital libraries research focuses on component technologies and integration to realize information environments that are dynamic and flexible; responsive at the level of individual, group, and institution; and capable of adapting large, amorphous, continually growing bodies of data to user-defined structure and scale.
Example topics are:
open, networked architectures for new information environments capable of supporting complex information access and analysis and collaborative work
systems scalability, federation, extensibility and composability
intelligent agents
interoperability
networking, communications and middleware research topics relevant to digital
libraries including new approaches and protocols for high bandwidth applications;
metadata services; reliability and integrity of services;
quality of service and payment models and issues
advanced multimedia information capture, representation and digitization
systems evaluation and performance studies
II. Testbeds and Applications
This focuses on development of digital libraries testbeds for technology testing, demonstration and validation, and as prototype resources for domain communities - technical and non-technical. Support will be provided for development and implementation of digital libraries applications which demonstrate new technologies and are sufficiently robust and stable to serve identifiable communities and encourage collaborative work environments. Applications projects are expected to result in enduring information environments for research, learning, and advancing public use in creative ways.
Example activities are:
integration of functional components into useful systems
to serve specific domain communities and identifying unique information
requirements, technical and design issues, and metrics of performance and
utility
applications that enhance the general functionality of existing and future
digital libraries by providing new concepts and tools for (e.g.) document
markup,
image and video management, semantic encoding, metadata, intelligent search
and retrieval, and federation of existing and new digital collections
specialized digital libraries applications designed for specific knowledge
domains and communities (defense, geosciences, physical sciences, biological
sciences, medicine, social sciences, arts & humanities, etc.)
improving processes which support education, learning, scholarly communication
and collaboration
new types of digital collections
electronic journals, textbooks, catalogs
new means for gathering, aggregating and establishing relationships among
knowledge sources
high-risk, "breakthrough" applications capable of providing new conceptual paradigms for information technologies and altering social and work practices on a grand scale
distributed knowledge-work environments
online educational and cultural resources in the form of virtual classrooms
museums, concert halls, theaters, galleries, studios suited for a broad
audiences
multilingual, global-scale knowledge repositories
multimodal access supporting information needs of mobile individuals whose
primary attention is directed elsewhere
II. Planning Testbeds and Applications for Undergraduate Education.
To explore the linking of digital library research efforts and testbeds for undergraduate education, NSF's Division of Undergraduate Education will provide a total of $500,000 for planning and study projects in FY 1998. Successful applicants are expected to demonstrate high potential to advance undergraduate science, mathematics, engineering and technology (SMET) education. Three types of proposals are of interest: practical digital library applications for SMET education, technical studies of digital library capabilities, and general policy studies.
CATEGORIES OF SUPPORT
All awards for this announcement made by NSF will be as grants or cooperative agreements to academic institutions and qualified non-profit research organizations. Partnership arrangements with other groups are encouraged, including subcontracts with the single proposing organization.
NSF expects to fund two general types of projects under this initiative:
1. Individual investigator research grants. Awards will
not exceed $200,000 per year, for 1 to 3 years.
2. Multi-disciplinary group research projects. Awards will not exceed $1,200,000 per year, for 1 to 5 years.
The number of awards will depend on the quality of proposals received, the availability of funds, and considerations for creating a balanced overall program. Total support for the initiative from federal sponsors is projected to be $40-$50 million over the 5 year Initiative. Awards will not exceed $1,200,000 per year, except in exceptional circumstances. Ideas for projects requiring support above this level should be discussed with the NSF program officer before proposal preparation.