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Contents

1. Table of Contents

2. Foreword to the Foreign Language Edition of the Book
  2.1. Introduction
  2.2. Acknowledgements

3. Resources and Research Methods
  3.1. Historiography
  3.2. Memoirs Related to the Eötvös Collegium
  3.3. Literary Works Related to the Eötvös Collegium

4. Professionalisation and the Development of the Teaching Profession
  4.1. Development of the Hungarian Secondary School Professions from the Compromise Until 1899
  4.2. Conceptual Debates, Act XXX of 1883
  4.3. Setting up a New Teacher Training Boarding School and the Termination of the Dual Training System

5. The History of the Eötvös Collegium in the Early Period of the Institute Between 1895 and 1910
  5.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1895 and 1910 by Region and Denomination
  5.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1895 and 1910 By Type and Field of Science
  5.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1895 and 1910, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  5.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1895 and 1910
  5.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE As the Supervising Authority between 1895 and 1910
  5.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1895 and 1910

6. The History of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1911 and 1918
  6.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1911 and 1918 by Region and Denomination
  6.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1911 and 1918 By Type and Field of Science
  6.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1911 and 1918, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  6.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1911 and 1918
  6.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE As the Supervising Authority Between 1911 and 1918
  6.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1911 and 1918

7. The History of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1919 and 1927
  7.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1919 and 1927 by Region and Denomination
  7.2. The Breakdown of Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1919 and 1927 by Type and Field of Science
  7.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1919 and 1927, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  7.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1919 and 1927
  7.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE as Supervisory Authority Between 1919 and 1927
  7.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1919 and 1927

8. The History of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1928 and 1935
  8.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1928 and 1935 by Region and Denomination
  8.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1928 and 1935 By Type and Field of Science
  8.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1928 and 1935, the Reasons For Academic Failure and Rejection
  8.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1928 and 1935
  8.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE As Supervisory Authority Between 1928 and 1935
  8.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1928 and 1935

9. The History of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1936 and 1944
  9.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1936 and 1944 By Region and Denomination
  9.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected between 1936 and 1944 by Type and Field of Science
  9.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1936 and 1944, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  9.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium between 1936 and 1944
  9.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE As Supervisory Authority Between 1936 and 1944
  9.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1936 and 1944

10. The History of the Eötvös Collegium between 1945 and 1948
  10.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1945 and 1948 By Region and Denomination
  10.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected and Fields of Study Between 1945 and 1948
  10.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1945 and 1948, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  10.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1945 and 1948
  10.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE as Supervisory Authority Between 1945 and 1948, Changes in the Public Opinion on the Collegium
  10.6. Changes in the Collegium's Internal Life Between 1945 and 1948

11. The History of the Eötvös Collegium between 1948 and 50
  11.1. Breakdown of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1948 and 50 By Region and Denomination
  11.2. The Breakdown of the Secondary Schools of Applicants Admitted and Rejected and Fields of Study Between 1948 and 1950
  11.3. Study of the Social Status of Applicants Admitted and Rejected Between 1948 and 1950, the Reasons for the Academic Failure and Rejection
  11.4. Changes in the Teaching Faculty and Training System of the Eötvös Collegium Between 1948 and 1950
  11.5. Relationship Between the Eötvös Collegium and the MRPE as Supervisory Authority Between 1948 and 1950 and the Issue of Dissolution
  11.6. Other Assumptions About the Collegium's Dissolution
  11.7. Changes in the Collegium's internal Life Between 1948 and 1950

12. Concluding Thoughts

13. Bibliography
  13.1. Reference Literature
  13.2. Articles and Miscellaneous Publications Related to the History of the Collegium
  13.3. Memoirs
  13.4. Legal Sources

14. Archival sources
  14.1. Magyar Országos Levéltár (Hungarian National Archives) (MNL OL)
  14.2. Magyar Tudomány Akadémia Kézirattára és Régi Könyvek Gyűjteménye(Hungarian Scientific Academy Collection of Manuscripts and Rare Books)(MTAKK)
  14.3. Mednyánszky Dénes Könyvtár és Levéltár (Dénes Mednyánszky Library and Archive) (MDKL)

15. Appendix
  15.1. Organisational Rules of the Báró Eötvös József Collegium. House study and library order. (1895)
  15.2. Disciplinary Rules and Regulations of the Báró Eötvös József Collegium
  15.3. Time and Work Order, House Rules
  15.4. Organisational Rules of the Báró Eötvös József Collegium. Official Gazette. 01 September 1923.
  15.5. 8769/1906. Letter from György Lukács, MRPE Minister to Loránd Eötvös Curator on the appointment of Sándor Mika, Frigyes Hoffmann and Gyomlay Gyula as ordinary, regular teachers. Budapest, 21 February 1906.
  15.6. Letter Cur. No 115/1920-1 from Pál Teleki to the MRPE Minister. Budapest, 23 October 1920.
  15.7. Miklós Szabó's attesting report on his conduct during the Hungarian Soviet Republic (proletarian dictatorship). Budapest, 05 August 1920.
  15.8. 92/1925. Proposal by Géza Bartoniek, director, on the limitation of Article 4 of Act XXVII of 1924, Budapest, 19 August 1925.
  15.9. Letter from Prime Minister István Bethlen to Zoltán Gombocz. Budapest, 25 January 1927.
  15.10. Oath
  15.11. Letter of Miklós Szabó to Tibor Gerevich, Dean of the Faculty of Arts. Budapest, 03 May 1941.
  15.12. Speech delivered by Miklós Szabó, director, at the visit of József Szinyei Merse, Minister of the MRPE. 08 October 1943.
  15.13. József Simon, MRPE officer's notification No 62.606-1944./IV on reserving premises of the József Eötvös Collegium. Budapest, 05 December 1944.
  15.14. Report on the Eötvös Collegium's Assembly held on 5 October 1949.
  15.15. 337/1950. Protocol on the handover of the Eötvös József Collegium's building to the National Company of Training Supplies. Budapest, 22 August 1950.
  15.16. Maps and Figures
  15.17. Senior officials and teaching staff of the Báró Eötvös József Collegium, 1895-1950
  15.18. List of images

16. Index

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Foreword

This book summarizes the history of a Hungarian institution whose establishment was based on a French model. On several occasions in the 20th century, unfortunately, sometimes voluntarily and at other times due to the compelling power of circumstances, the Hungarian people confronted France being in an opposing military and/or political block, but even in those difficult times Eötvös Collegium maintained its relationship with the French culture and its distinguished representatives. However, it is not only towards Paris that the institute opened a window for Hungarians, but also, thanks to its language proofreaders and other foreign contacts, people from several European countries and even from overseas, including the Far East visited the Budapest based boarding school.

This work has been published in Hungarian twice. The manuscript of the first edition was based on my doctoral thesis. Due to the great interest, just a year and a half after the publication of the book, the second edition was published containing a number of minor changes, mainly those related to errata, and also major changes related to the closing part. Already at the time, my publisher asked for a foreign language version, but unfortunately that was not possible due to technical obstacles. Providence compensated for the failure to publish the new edition as I had the opportunity to present the basic concept of the volume in a visualized form to a wider audience in the framework of a permanent exhibition. The importance of this is evidenced by the fact that the "Day of Memorial Sites" organized in Hungary by the National Heritage Institute was also included in the programme of national events. In addition, the exhibition, hosted in the Collegium building, was also visited by the Ambassador of the French Republic and the Director of the French Institute. The scenario prepared for the exhibition and the related collecting work made it possible to publish a Hungarian-French chrestomathia for the second edition (Garai-Horváth 2015: 4), a newer version of which was published in 2016. In addition to the wider audience, the Hungarian academic community also acknowledged the publication that offers a summary of the Institute's history, which is well illustrated by the fact that the number of works in which both editions were referred to increased, that is, it became part of the academic discourse. It is gratifying that, in addition to researchers in the field of education history, representatives of other disciplines also found it worthwhile to use the results contained in the previous editions. Hopefully, this process will be reinforced by the third, English language edition of the volume, which also includes new results.

The English language volume also fundamentally follows the original concept of the Hungarian version both in its structure and in its approach to the history of the institute. At the same time, in seven blocks, further minor and major additions were made to the findings included in earlier versions, the publication of which seemed necessary in view of recent research. The new findings offered in these additions are mostly related to the Collegium's international network.

I would like to express my acknowledgements to my publisher, the ELTE Eötvös József Collegium and its director László Horváth who encouraged the preparation of the earlier editions and the foreign language volume. I would also like to thank the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest for its financial support provided in the preparation of the English version of the book and, of course, I thank all those who were involved in the preparation of the English version.

It is a rare privilege, especially for a researcher in the initial phase of his or her career, to have one of their works published several times. There can be two circumstances that explain repeated reprints: the interest of the audience and the importance of the subject matter examined in the work. I can only hope that these circumstances are present simultaneously in relation to this book. Because this book not only provides an overview of the history of a teacher training boarding school, but - through its students and its extensive embeddedness in the Hungarian culture - also of the challenges that 20th century history heavily burdened with numerous hardships posed to the functioning of an institution tailored to the needs of civil society.

Imre Garai
Budapest, 1 March 2019

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